Gobierno local abierto: diagnóstico en México y Oaxaca

Con un enfoque centrado en el ciudadano y el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, la expresión gobierno abierto ha revolucionado la administración pública. Esto ha implicado una alta deliberación, colaboración, participación y publicidad. El objetivo del presente artículo es diagnosticar los estados cuyos municipios siguen el proyecto de gobierno abierto, para lo cual se tomó como muestra a los estados de México y Oaxaca, donde se compararon los estratos de desarrollo humano muy alto y bajo. A partir de ello se formuló la hipótesis de que los gobiernos locales en México responden de forma diferente a la expresión gobierno abierto cuando este tiene que ver de manera directa y proporcional con el desarrollo humano. Es decir, los municipios con mayor desarrollo humano tuvieron también mayor nivel de gobierno abierto, mientras que los gobiernos con menor desarrollo humano alcanzaron niveles inferiores de gobierno abierto. Se estudiaron 30 municipios de ambas entidades, con diez variables a analizar mediante contraste estadístico de chi cuadrada y coeficiente de correlación r de Pearson. Los resultados demostraron que sí existe una relación entre desarrollo humano y gobierno abierto

Sistema automatizado de bombeo de relaves de arenas cicloneados con red foundation fieldbus y profibus utilizadas para el crecimiento y construcción del muro de una presa de relaves en Cerro Verde

Una parte importante en el proceso de la producción del cobre es la utilización del agua, para esto sociedad minera Cerro Verde reutiliza el agua de los diferentes procesos existentes canalizándolos a nidos de ciclones que se encargan de separar la pulpa en partículas finas (overflow) que se almacena en la presa para su reutilización y partículas gruesas (underflow) que sirve para la construcción de la represa, el traslado de partículas gruesas (underflow) hacia la presa se realizaba de manera gravimétrica, pero debido a la expansión de la unidad de producción de sociedad minera Cerro Verde se elevó la producción de minerales y aumento la capacidad de los relaves de manera que el sistema existente no abastece tal producción del cual se planteó y se implementó un sistema de bombeo de relaves que será controlado y monitoreado por una tarjeta remota de entradas-salidas digitales y analógicas, Profibus y FOUNDATION Fieldbus por un DCS Delta V serie S

A Multi-Layer Line Search Method to Improve the Initialization of Optimization Algorithms

International audienceWe introduce a novel metaheuristic methodology to improve the initializationof a given deterministic or stochastic optimization algorithm. Our objectiveis to improve the performance of the considered algorithm, calledcore optimization algorithm, by reducing its number of cost function evaluations,by increasing its success rate and by boosting the precision of itsresults. In our approach, the core optimization is considered as a suboptimizationproblem for a multi-layer line search method. The approachis presented and implemented for various particular core optimization algorithms:Steepest Descent, Heavy-Ball, Genetic Algorithm, Differential Evolutionand Controlled Random Search. We validate our methodology byconsidering a set of low and high dimensional benchmark problems (i.e.,problems of dimension between 2 and 1000). The results are compared tothose obtained with the core optimization algorithms alone and with twoadditional global optimization methods (Direct Tabu Search and ContinuousGreedy Randomized Adaptive Search). These latter also aim at improvingthe initial condition for the core algorithms. The numerical results seemto indicate that our approach improves the performances of the core optimizationalgorithms and allows to generate algorithms more efficient thanthe other optimization methods studied here. A Matlab optimization packagecalled ”Global Optimization Platform” (GOP), implementing the algorithmspresented here, has been developed and can be downloaded at:http://www.mat.ucm.es/momat/software.ht

Electrical vestibular stimulation in humans. A narrative review

Background: In patients with bilateral vestibulopathy, the regular treatment options, such as medication, surgery, and/ or vestibular rehabilitation, do not always suffice. Therefore, the focus in this field of vestibular research shifted to electri- cal vestibular stimulation (EVS) and the development of a system capable of artificially restoring the vestibular func- tion. Key Message: Currently, three approaches are being investigated: vestibular co-stimulation with a cochlear im- plant (CI), EVS with a vestibular implant (VI), and galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS). All three applications show promising results but due to conceptual differences and the experimental state, a consensus on which application is the most ideal for which type of patient is still missing. Summa- ry: Vestibular co-stimulation with a CI is based on “spread of excitation,” which is a phenomenon that occurs when the currents from the CI spread to the surrounding structures and stimulate them. It has been shown that CI activation can indeed result in stimulation of the vestibular structures. Therefore, the question was raised whether vestibular co- stimulation can be functionally used in patients with bilat- eral vestibulopathy. A more direct vestibular stimulation method can be accomplished by implantation and activa- tion of a VI. The concept of the VI is based on the technology and principles of the CI. Different VI prototypes are currently being evaluated regarding feasibility and functionality. So far, all of them were capable of activating different types of vestibular reflexes. A third stimulation method is GVS, which requires the use of surface electrodes instead of an implant- ed electrode array. However, as the currents are sent through the skull from one mastoid to the other, GVS is rather unspe- cific. It should be mentioned though, that the reported spread of excitation in both CI and VI use also seems to in- duce a more unspecific stimulation. Although all three ap- plications of EVS were shown to be effective, it has yet to be defined which option is more desirable based on applicabil- ity and efficiency. It is possible and even likely that there is a place for all three approaches, given the diversity of the pa- tient population who serves to gain from such technologies

On the well-posedness of a multiscale mathematical model for Lithium-ion batteries

We consider the mathematical treatment of a system of nonlinear partial differential equations based on a model, proposed in 1972 by J. Newman, in which the coupling between the Lithium concentration, the phase potentials and temperature in the electrodes and the electrolyte of a Lithium battery cell is considered. After introducing some functional spaces well-adapted to our framework we obtain some rigorous results showing the well-posedness of the system, first for some short time and then, by considering some hypothesis on the nonlinearities, globally in time. As far as we know, this is the first result in the literature proving existence in time of the full Newman model, which follows previous results by the third author in 2016 regarding a simplified case

An Agent Architecture to fulfill Real-Time Requirements

In this paper we present AMSIA, an agent architecture that combines the possibility of using di erent reasoning methods with a mechanism to control the resources needed by the agent to ful ll its high level objectives. The architecture is based on the blackboard paradigm which o ers the possibility of combining di erent reasoning techniques and opportunistic behavior. The AMSIA architecture adds a representation of plans of objectives allowing di erent reasoning activities to create plans to guide the future behavior of the agent. The opportunism is in the acquisition of high-level objectives and in the modi cation of the predicted activity when something doesn't happen as expected. A control mechanism is responsible for the translation of plans of objectives to concrete activities, considering resource-boundedness. To do so, all the activity in the agent (including control) is explicitly scheduled, but allowing the necessary exibility to make changes in the face of contingencies that are expected in dynamic environments. Experimental work is also presented

Emergence of glassy features in halomethane crystals

Both structural glasses and disordered crystals are known to exhibit anomalous thermal, vibrational, and acoustic properties at low temperatures or low energies, what is still a matter of lively debate. To shed light on this issue, we studied the halomethane family CBrnCl4-n (n = 0, 1, 2) at low temperature where, despite being perfectly translationally ordered stable monoclinic crystals, glassy dynamical features had been reported from experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. For n = 1, 2 dynamic disorder originates by the random occupancy of the same lattice sites by either Cl or Br atoms, but not for the ideal reference case of CCl4. Measurements of the low-temperature specific heat (Cp) for all these materials are here reported, which provide evidence of the presence of a broad peak in Debye-reduced Cp(T )/T 3 and in the reduced density of states (g(¿)/¿2) determined by means of neutron spectroscopy, as well as a linear term in Cp usually ascribed in glasses to two-level systems in addition to the cubic term expected for a fully ordered crystal. Being CCl4 a fully ordered crystal, we also performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which provide unprecedented detailed information about the microscopic nature of vibrations responsible for that broad peak, much alike the “’boson peak” of glasses, finding it to essentially arise from a piling up (at around 3–4 meV) of low-energy optical modes together with acoustic modes near the Brillouin-zone limits.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version